Imaging and Monitoring of Ureteral Stents
Imaging is a critical component of ureteral stent management, from initial placement to follow-up and eventual removal. Proper visualization ensures that the stent is functioning correctly and helps clinicians detect complications early.
Immediately after placement, imaging confirms correct positioning. Most ureteral stents contain radiopaque markers that allow them to be seen clearly on standard X-rays. This helps verify that one end of the stent is properly coiled in the kidney while the other is positioned securely within the bladder.
Ultrasound is commonly used for routine monitoring, particularly because it avoids radiation exposure. It allows clinicians to assess kidney drainage, detect hydronephrosis, and identify signs of obstruction. Ultrasound is especially useful for follow-up in children, pregnant patients, and individuals requiring repeated evaluations.
Computed tomography (CT) scans provide more detailed anatomical information and may be used when complications are suspected. CT imaging can detect stent migration, stone fragments, encrustation, or surrounding inflammation. However, due to radiation exposure, CT scans are reserved for specific clinical situations.
Monitoring is essential for patients with long-term stents. Over time, mineral deposits can accumulate on the stent surface, leading to encrustation and blockage. Regular imaging helps determine when removal or replacement is necessary before complications arise.
Imaging also plays a role in planning stent removal. If resistance or difficulty is anticipated, pre-removal imaging helps guide the safest approach. In complex cases, imaging reduces procedural risk and improves patient outcomes.
Overall, consistent and appropriate imaging ensures that ureteral stents remain effective tools rather than sources of avoidable complications.